Monday 26 November 2012

BHAGAVAD GITA: A GOSPEL OF PEACE AND NON-VIOLENCE



In the common parlance Bhagavad Gita, which is a part of Mahabarata in which Lord Krishna urges Arjuna to fight, is considered to stand in favor of war and violence to establish peace and justice. But is it really so? When we look it from another point of view we will be able to see that Kurukshetra points to the battle field in the heart of man and the battle that goes on there is actually between the forces of good and evil. Thus Gita under the guise of a physical warfare suggested the conflict in the heart of an individual. Hence we can say that Gita did not encourage warfare but instead it has proved its futility by showing the amount of bloodshed and wastage that a war brings about. Though taught on the battlefield of Kurukshetra, Gita has nothing to do with war or battle or bloodshed. Instead, it places before humanity the concept of universal welfare which transcends regional or national welfare. In today’s world of growing consumerism and rising violence and conflicts which is leading to restlessness, anxiety and confusion in life, Gita’s teachings are becoming even more eloquent than ever before. So in this age of materialism and information explosion the best guidance the common man can depend upon is the message of lokasamgraha of the Gita.
Bhagavad Gita teaches us that every human being has the capacity to evolve from the physical to the mental and then rise to the spiritual with faith, effort and determination of the will. And in this process it should replace hatred with love, anger with calm, fear with courage, greed with sacrifice and lust with renunciation. When one develops self control through proper training and patience, he develops a peaceful mind, which is the real source of happiness. Thus Gita’s way to peace and happiness is to search for it within.
Again, when Krishna advises Arjuna to fight, it does not follow that he is supporting the validity of warfare. Arjuna takes up a pacifist attitude and decline to fight for truth and justice. Krishna points out through Gita that his reluctance to fight is a product of ignorance. The ideal which Gita actually sets before us is ahimsa or non-violence and this is evident from the description of the perfect state of mind, speech and body in Chapter VII.
Man should accept whatever happiness in life as the will of God and maintain his balance of mind. Poise enables him to remain undisturbed by the consequences of his acts. When we live as per the ideal of Gita we will feel a spiritual current growing within and all our material problems will dissolve gradually. Then our spiritual life will become a blessing to ourselves as well as others.
The most important message of Bhagavad Gita is the ‘Nishkama Karma’ which means performance of one’s duty without hankering after narrow selfish advantages. This teaches us to do work as worship, free from egotism and attachments to the results of work and be even-minded in success and failure. This attitude will transform our work into yoga which in turn detaches our will from desires and uncovers our true self thus leading to eternal peace.
The double purpose of human life, according to Gita is personal perfection and social efficiency together. Human perfection is a sort of marriage between high thought and just action. This is yoga, according to Gita, and this must be for ever the aim of man. Here we see the emphasis of the Gita on ‘lokasamgraha’ or world solidarity. Krishna’s teaching to Arjuna is the answer to the question often posed, namely, which should have preference, individual salvation or ‘lokashema’. The pragmatic teachings of Sri Krishna help us to look upon all creatures as God’s gift to humanity, mutually serving one another. The realization of this fact helps us to forge a strong social commitment.
In Gita we find the solution that individual elevation will enable one to lift others. Such an elevated person who does his duty in a detached manner becomes ‘stithaprajna’, in the truest sense of the term. This perfect man works for the benefit of humanity or lokasamgaraha which means the welfare and peace all beings in the world. Therefore Krishna wants Arjuna to achieve this personal perfection before he can qualify for the humanitarian attitude of absence from fights. War is taken in Gita only as an illustration .Through this; Sage Vyasa actually wanted every one of us to discharge our own duties of life, however unpleasant they may be. Krishna tells Arjuna that one can attain perfection even while doing one’s duties. We have to perform our duties so that we can serve the society and do our best to improve it. If we act in this spirit of Gita with detachment, we will be able to love even our enemies and thus help to establish peace in this world of wars.  
Gita is not just a scripture for intellectual appreciation. It is a positive and pragmatic code to regulate man’s life and to answer all situations. “Brahmavidya is metaphysical knowledge, Yogasastra is ethical discipline and Krishnarjuna samvada is spiritual realization…Thus we have in Bhagavad Gita a thing which is rational, ethical and spiritual. Every side of human nature is answered by it, is fulfilled by it.” Thus Gita is a doctrine that outlines not only man’s spiritual journey to God but also list duties, the performance of which will lead to personal development as well as the collective good. Hence it may be concluded that Gita has much philosophy as well as many practical hints for solving issues that we face in our everyday life.
                                                            Dr.P.I.Devaraj & Dr Syamala k
                                                              pidevaraj@rediffmail.com

                                                       

1 comment: